Target GATE & ESE 2022 (Irrigation Engineering)

 Do You Know ?

👉 Sprinkler system causes interference in farming operation because of its network system.

👉 In border strip method size of strip depends on soil properties. Border strip method is a controlled type of surface irrigation method.

👉 Soil moisture tension is defined as the sum of the moisture tension and osmotic pressure of soil solution.

👉  Soil moisture tension at permanent wilting point generally ranges from 7-32 atm

👉    Soil                  EC (milli-mhos/cm)            ESP (%)                        PH 

         Saline                             >4                               <15               less than equal to 8.5

        Alkaline                          <4                                <15                         8.5 - 10

     Saline-Alkaline                  >4                               <15              approximately equal to 8.5

               ESP = exchangeable sodium percentage

               EC = Electrical Conductivity

👉 Water application efficiency is the ratio of volume water stored in root zone to Volume of water supplied to root zone

👉 Garret's diagram is a graphical representation to obtain canal design parameters based on

         (i) Kennedy's theory

        (ii) Kutter's formula

Purpose: To save time and to avoid repetitive enormous calculations

👉Balanced Depth : Balanced depth of cutting canal is when volume of cutting is equal to volume of filling (Most economical way as transportation expenses of soil is minimized)