Unified Soil classification system:
- This classification was given by Casagrande.
- Soil is divided into 4 groups (Coarse grained soil, fine grained soil,organic soil and peat)
- Prefix and suffix used in USCS
- Soil Type Prefix Soil Subgroup Suffix
- Gravel G Well Graded W
- Sand S Poorly Graded P
- Clay C Clayey C
- Silt M Silty M
- Organic O If liquid Limit<50% L(Low Plasticity/compressibility)
- Peat Pt If Liquid Limit>50% H (High Plasticity/Compressibility)
American Association of State Highway Transport Official (AASHTO)
- In this classification soil is subdivided into 8 groups namely A-1 to A-7 and A-8 for the Peat or Muck soil.
- Soil is classified on the basis of Group Index(GI)
- GI = 0.2 a + 0.005 ac + 0.01 bd
c = L.L- 40 and should not exceed 20, d = P.I - 10 and should not exceed 20
L.L = liquid Limit, P.I = Plasticity Index and p = % finer
Indian Standard Soil Classification System (ISSCS)
- Extension of USCS
- Intermediate compressibilty is introduced(I)
- Gravel G Well Graded W
- Sand S Poorly Graded P
- Clay C Clayey C
- Silt M Silty M
- Organic O If liquid Limit<35% L(Low compressibility)
- Peat Pt If Liquid Limit>50% H (High Compressibility)
- If 35% <L.L <50 % I (Intermediate Compressibility)
Classification of Fine Grained Soil
- Classification is based on plasticity chart
- Equation of A-line : Ip = 0.73 (L.L -20)
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