CPT Test:
- Cone Penetration Resistance: It is the ratio of total force acting on the cone to the base area of the cone (10 cm^2).
- Sleeve frictional resistance or local side friction is defined as the ratio of force required to push the friction jacket to the surface area of friction jacket.
- Friction ratio is defined as the ratio of sleeve frictional resistance to cone penetration resistance.
- Friction ratio is the important parameter for classifying soil.
Friction Ratio (%) Type of soil
0-0.50 Loose Gravel Fill
0.5-2.0 Sand or Gravels
2-5 Clayey sand and silts
>5 Clay, Peats
Correlation between CPT and SPT:
State of sand Relative Density(%) N-Value Cone Penetration Resistance(MPa)
Very Loose <15 < 4 <2.0
Loose 15-35 4-10 2-4
Medium 35-65 10-30 4-12
Dense 65-85 30-50 12-20
Very Dense > 85 >50 >20
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