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👉Atoms are made of electron, proton and neutrons.
👉 Electrons and protons are negative and positive charged particles respectively. The magnitude of each charged particle in an atom is 1.6 x 10^-19 Coulombs.
👉The mass of electron is negligible as compare to proton and neutron.
👉The unit of mass is an atomic mass unit
1 a.m.u = 1.66 x 10^-27 kg
👉Matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.
1. Stable particles: Electron, proton and neutron
2. Unstable particles- positron, neutrino, anti-neutrino and meson
3. Composite particles- Deuteron and alpha- particles
👉Electron: It carries a very small negative electrical charge.
It has negligible mass i.e. its mass is 1/850th of the mass of hydrogen atom.
👉Proton: It carries small positive electrical charge.
Mass of each proton is same as that of hydrogen atom.
Protons are also present in all all the atoms.
👉Neutron: It does not carry any electrical charge. Its mass is equivalent to that of proton.
👉 Positron or positive electron: The positron or antielectron is the antiparticle or the antimatter counterpart of the electron. The positron has an electric charge of +1 e
👉Meson: The mass of meson is in between the mass of electron and proton.
Mesons were discovered during cosmic ray studies.
👉 There are two types of meson (i) p-meson which is heavier (ii) m-meson which is light
👉Both type of mesons may be either negatively or positively charged.
👉Deuteron: It is positively charged.
It is heavy hydrogen nucleus.
👉 Alpha Particles: They are double charged helium nucleus.
They appear as product of radioactive decay.
👉Meson carries a either negative or positive charged.
👉The weight of an electron is 1/1836 of the weight of proton or neutron.
👉Avogadro Number(N) = 6.023 x 10^23
👉Mean distance between atoms in the range of 0.23 nm.
Happy Learning
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