Geotechnical Engineering

 👉 Active earth pressure in loose state is larger than the active earth pressure in dense state.

👉 Passive earth pressure in dense state is larger than the passive earth pressure in loose state.

👉 By compacting the soil, active earth pressure decreases but passive earth pressure increases.

👉Soils deposited by wind are called Aeolian soil.

👉All types of soils carried and deposited by water are known as Alluvial deposits.

👉Lacustrine soils are soil deposited in lake beds.

👉Marine deposits are formed when the flowing water carries soils to oceans or sea.

👉Loess is a loose deposit of wind blown silt that has been weakly cemented with calcium carbonate and montmorillonite.

👉Marl is a very fine grained calcium carbonated soil of marine origin.

👉Peat is a highly organic soil, consisting almost entirely of vegetative matter in varying states of decomposition, brown to black in colour, possessing an organic odour.

👉Peat and Muck are organic clay.

👉Volume of solids will remain same in fill and borrow pit.

👉For a sandy soil with soil grains spherical in shape and uniform in size the theoretical void ratio is 0.91.